1236456

AP Study Questions Packet 2

Review Questions – 1828 - 1876

3. What inventions and innovations improved America’s manufacturing and industry?
• Eli Whitney’s cotton gin in 1791 made cotton profitable as it speeds up the process need to manufacture.
• Eli Whitney’s interchangeable parts made it possible to mass produce goods,
• A series of machines were perfected to mass produce textiles by British inventors and was adopted by US.
• Elias Howe’s sewing machine boosted industrialization.
• Samuel Morse’s telegraph pulled the business world closer.
• Many transportation inventions such as the Turnpike, Erie canal system, steamboats, and the railroads made it possible transport goods faster and more effectively thus improving industry
• Bessemer Process improved steel making.
(Pg 309-313)

8. In what ways were the North, South and the West economically different?
North:
• Had many factories, mass production of goods.
• Factories begun to increase in early 1800s due to embargo, non-intercourse and the War of 1812, and America had to produce own goods.
• Women worked in factories to support family
• Many transportation inventions helped improve economy in the north.
• Mostly factory production and industrial works.
South:
• Slaves supported economy in the south, worked on planations
• The cotton gin increased need for slaves; “Cotton is King”
• The South’s economy mostly consisted of the growing of cotton, tobacco, rice, corn, and wheat.
• The South also had many cattle ranches.
West:
• Economy based on farming and fields
• The inventions of steel plow, mechanical reaper, water plump, and barbed wires had helped increase economy in the West.
• Had many Irish and German immigrants in the West at this period of time.
• The west also had many mines of silvers, gold, coppers, iron ores and other minerals.
• The herding of cattle also supported economy of the west.
(pg 318)



13. During the abolitionist movement, who were the major participants and what were the strategies used?
• Frederick Douglass- African American and ex-slave who wrote about slavery in The Narrative of Life of Frederick Douglass and The North Start.
• Harriet Beecher Stowe – wrote about slavery in Uncle Tom’s Cabin.
• William Lloyd Garrison –published anti-slavery newspaper. He refused to eat cane sugar and wear cotton cloth.
• David Walker- wrote Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World in 1829.
• Sojourner Truth – fought for black emancipation and women’s rights.
• Harriet Tubman- Helped over 300 slavers to freedom in Canada through underground railroad.
• Angelina and Sarah Grimke – Southern Abolitionists.
(pg. 356-368)

18. What were the major events in the emancipation of slaves?
• Gabriel slave rebellion in Virginia 1800
• Congress outlaws slave trade 1808
• Missouri compromise 1820
• Vesey slave rebellion in Charleston 1822
• Walker published Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World 1829
• Nat Turner slave rebellion in Virginia 1831
• Garrison published The Liberator 1831
• Virginia legislature debates slavery and emancipation 1831 – 1832
• British abolished slavery in West Indies 1833
• American Anti-Slavery Society founded 1833
• US Post Office orders destruction of abolitionist mails 1835
• “Broadcloth Mob” attacks Garrison 1835
• House of Representatives passed “Gag Resolution” 1836
• Douglass publishes The Narrative of Life of Frederick Douglass 1845
• The organization of the Free Soil party 1848
• Final Emancipation Proclamation 1863
(pg369)
Key Questions 1876 – 1914: Gilded Age

3. How did Robber Barons/Captains of Industry justify their wealth?
Robber Baron or Captain of Industry are those who cheats or does whatever necessary to make money and get rich. They created trust, drove small companies out of business, exploited workers, cut quality, “bought off” government officials, create monopolies, and such. They justified their wealth with the “Gospel of Wealth,” saying that making money is not a sin, that God was the one that made them rich.
(pg 543)



8. How did W.E.B. Dubois and Booker T. Washington differ in how they believed African-Americans should attain equality?
W.E.B. Dubois:
• Believed in full political, civil, and social rights for Africa American.
• he said education should not merely be vocational but should nurture leaders willing to challenge segregation and discrimination through social protest and political action.
• Rejecting Washington’s gradualism and separatism, he demanded that the “talented tenth” of the black community be given full and immediate access to the mainstream of American life.
Booker T. Washington:
• Believed Blacks should concentrate on education and job training to improve their economic status.
• training to improve their economic status. He believed that economic success would earn the respect of Whites and equality for Blacks (working within the “White” system).
• Washington encouraged African Americans to go along with the idea of “separate but equal” facilities.
• Many Blacks did become economically successful by following Washington’s advice; however this failed to earn the respect of White Southern society.
(pg 574-575)

13. What types of people supported “free silver”? Why?
The Populist Party which was made up of farmers supported free silver. Unlimited silver would create rapid inflation that would help the farmers in debt accumulate desperately needed wealth. Farmers were in debt and suffering from the price drops in cotton and other crops.
(pg 622)
Progressive Era

18. Why was the Progressive Movement successful while the Populist Movement failed?
The Progressive Movement are reform movements that began in cities with settlement workers and reformers who were interested in helping those facing harsh conditions at home and at work. The reformers spoke out about the need for laws regulating tenement housing and child labor. They also called for better working conditions for women.
The Populist movement developed from farmers' alliances formed in the 1880s in reaction to falling crop prices and poor credit facilities. The leaders organized the Populist advocated a variety of measures to help farmers. They also demanded an increase in the circulating currency (to be achieved by the unlimited coinage of silver), a graduated income tax, government ownership of the railroads, a tariff for revenue only, and the direct election of U.S. senators.
The Populist effort was probably doomed from the start. They advanced a number of stellar ideas, but fell prey to the allure of free silver, an issue that resonated poorly with urban workers whose votes were badly needed. Discontented farmers, despite their enthusiasm, simply lacked the numbers to move the nation.
Foreign Policy

23. What anti-imperialistic complaints were lodged against the building of the Panama Canal?
• The building of the Panama Canal would lead to America taking control of Panama and lead to problems like in Cuba.
• Panamanians were ready to rebel and start revolt against this idea.
• The building of the Panama Canal causes bad relation with the Latin America countries.

Shirley's 2nd packet questions

AP Study Questions Packet 2

Review Questions – 1828 - 1876

3. What inventions and innovations improved America’s manufacturing and industry?

· Eli Whitney’s cotton gin in 1791 made cotton profitable as it speeds up the process need to manufacture.

· Eli Whitney’s interchangeable parts made it possible to mass produce goods,

· A series of machines were perfected to mass produce textiles by British inventors and was adopted by US.

· Elias Howe’s sewing machine boosted industrialization.

· Samuel Morse’s telegraph pulled the business world closer.

· Many transportation inventions such as the Turnpike, Erie canal system, steamboats, and the railroads made it possible transport goods faster and more effectively thus improving industry

· Bessemer Process improved steel making.

(Pg 309-313)

8. In what ways were the North, South and the West economically different?

North:

· Had many factories, mass production of goods.

· Factories begun to increase in early 1800s due to embargo, non-intercourse and the War of 1812, and America had to produce own goods.

· Women worked in factories to support family

· Many transportation inventions helped improve economy in the north.

· Mostly factory production and industrial works.

South:

· Slaves supported economy in the south, worked on planations

· The cotton gin increased need for slaves; “Cotton is King”

· The South’s economy mostly consisted of the growing of cotton, tobacco, rice, corn, and wheat.

· The South also had many cattle ranches.

West:

· Economy based on farming and fields

· The inventions of steel plow, mechanical reaper, water plump, and barbed wires had helped increase economy in the West.

· Had many Irish and German immigrants in the West at this period of time.

· The west also had many mines of silvers, gold, coppers, iron ores and other minerals.

· The herding of cattle also supported economy of the west.

(pg 318)

13. During the abolitionist movement, who were the major participants and what were the strategies used?

· Frederick Douglass- African American and ex-slave who wrote about slavery in The Narrative of Life of Frederick Douglass and The North Start.

· Harriet Beecher Stowe – wrote about slavery in Uncle Tom’s Cabin.

· William Lloyd Garrison –published anti-slavery newspaper. He refused to eat cane sugar and wear cotton cloth.

· David Walker- wrote Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World in 1829.

· Sojourner Truth – fought for black emancipation and women’s rights.

· Harriet Tubman- Helped over 300 slavers to freedom in Canada through underground railroad.

· Angelina and Sarah Grimke – Southern Abolitionists.

(pg. 356-368)

18. What were the major events in the emancipation of slaves?

· Gabriel slave rebellion in Virginia 1800

· Congress outlaws slave trade 1808

· Missouri compromise 1820

· Vesey slave rebellion in Charleston 1822

· Walker published Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World 1829

· Nat Turner slave rebellion in Virginia 1831

· Garrison published The Liberator 1831

· Virginia legislature debates slavery and emancipation 1831 – 1832

· British abolished slavery in West Indies 1833

· American Anti-Slavery Society founded 1833

· US Post Office orders destruction of abolitionist mails 1835

· “Broadcloth Mob” attacks Garrison 1835

· House of Representatives passed “Gag Resolution” 1836

· Douglass publishes The Narrative of Life of Frederick Douglass 1845

· The organization of the Free Soil party 1848

· Final Emancipation Proclamation 1863

(pg369)

Key Questions 1876 – 1914: Gilded Age

3. How did Robber Barons/Captains of Industry justify their wealth?

Robber Baron or Captain of Industry are those who cheats or does whatever necessary to make money and get rich. They created trust, drove small companies out of business, exploited workers, cut quality, “bought off” government officials, create monopolies, and such. They justified their wealth with the “Gospel of Wealth,” saying that making money is not a sin, that God was the one that made them rich.

(pg 543)

8. How did W.E.B. Dubois and Booker T. Washington differ in how they believed African-Americans should attain equality?

W.E.B. Dubois:

· Believed in full political, civil, and social rights for Africa American.

· he said education should not merely be vocational but should nurture leaders willing to challenge segregation and discrimination through social protest and political action.

· Rejecting Washington’s gradualism and separatism, he demanded that the “talented tenth” of the black community be given full and immediate access to the mainstream of American life.

Booker T. Washington:

· Believed Blacks should concentrate on education and job training to improve their economic status.

· training to improve their economic status. He believed that economic success would earn the respect of Whites and equality for Blacks (working within the “White” system).

· Washington encouraged African Americans to go along with the idea of “separate but equal” facilities.

· Many Blacks did become economically successful by following Washington’s advice; however this failed to earn the respect of White Southern society.

(pg 574-575)

13. What types of people supported “free silver”? Why?

The Populist Party which was made up of farmers supported free silver. Unlimited silver would create rapid inflation that would help the farmers in debt accumulate desperately needed wealth. Farmers were in debt and suffering from the price drops in cotton and other crops.

(pg 622)

Progressive Era

18. Why was the Progressive Movement successful while the Populist Movement failed?

The Progressive Movement are reform movements that began in cities with settlement workers and reformers who were interested in helping those facing harsh conditions at home and at work. The reformers spoke out about the need for laws regulating tenement housing and child labor. They also called for better working conditions for women.

The Populist movement developed from farmers' alliances formed in the 1880s in reaction to falling crop prices and poor credit facilities. The leaders organized the Populist advocated a variety of measures to help farmers. They also demanded an increase in the circulating currency (to be achieved by the unlimited coinage of silver), a graduated income tax, government ownership of the railroads, a tariff for revenue only, and the direct election of U.S. senators.

The Populist effort was probably doomed from the start. They advanced a number of stellar ideas, but fell prey to the allure of free silver, an issue that resonated poorly with urban workers whose votes were badly needed. Discontented farmers, despite their enthusiasm, simply lacked the numbers to move the nation.

Foreign Policy

23. What anti-imperialistic complaints were lodged against the building of the Panama Canal?

· The building of the Panama Canal would lead to America taking control of Panama and lead to problems like in Cuba.

· Panamanians were ready to rebel and start revolt against this idea.

· The building of the Panama Canal causes bad relation with the Latin America countries.

2nd set of Questions - Elizabeth Phan

Review Questions – 1828-1876
5. What inventions and innovations opened up the West?
• Samuel Slater was nicknamed “Father of the Factory System” for building the 1st cotton thread spinner where he learned the textile machinery from working in the British factory.
• Eli Whitney built a cotton gin which was 50 times more effective than separating cotton seed by hand.
• Northern factories manufactured textiles (cloth), especially in new England due to its poor soil, dense labor, access to sea and fast rivers for water power.
• Eli Whitney introduced machine-made inter-changeable parts ( on muskets) in 1859 which was the base of the assembly line which flourished in the North.
• Elias Howe & Issac Singer ( 1846) made the sewing machine (the foundation of clothing industry)
• John Deere invented the steel plow that cut through hard soil and could be pulled by horses.
• Cyrus McCormick invented the mechanical mower, a reaper to harvest grain.
• The Lancaster Turnpike is a hard road from Philadelphia to Lancaster, it brought economic expansion westward.
• The federal government constructed the Cumberland Road also known as the National Road (Maryland-Illinois).
• Robert Fulton invented the first steamboat, the Clermont in 1807.
• Government DeWitt Clinton’s Big Ditch was the Erie Canal between Lake Erie and the Hudson River.
• The 1st railroad in the U.S was introduced in 1828.

10. What were the positives and negatives of Southern rural life?
Positives:
• After the gin was invented, growing cotton became wildly profitable and easier.
• The South produced more than half the world’s supply of cotton and held an advantage over countries like England.
• South had better soil for cropping than the North

Negatives:
• Families owned more than 100 slaves each, they were the wealthy aristocracy of the South with big houses and huge plantations.
• The Southern aristocrats widened the gap between the rich and the poor and hampered public-funded education by sending their children to private schools.
• Cotton production spoiled the earth and even though profits were quick and high, the land was ruined, and cotton producers were always in need of new land.
• Slaves caused many planters to plunge deep into debt.
• South repelled immigrants from Europe, who went to the North instead.

15. What was the platform of the Know-Nothing Party?
• Severe limits on immigration, especially from Catholic counties.
• Restricting political office to native-born Americans of English and/or Scottish lineage and Protestant persuasion.
• Mandating a wait of 21 years before an immigrant could gain citizenship.
• Restricting public school teacher position to Protestants.
• Mandating daily Bible reading in public schools.
• Restricting the sale of liquor.
• Restricting the use of languages other than English.

20. In what ways was Reconstruction a failure?
• The conflict between the President and Congress on who should decide the punishment for the Confederates.
• Southern whites rejected all forms of equality, and blacks wanted nothing but full freedom and land of their own, this caused frequent and inevitable riots.
• Dropped prices in crops, dropped by 50%, main crops such as tobacco, rice and sugar also declined.
• Presidency over lines of authority.
• Johnson repeatedly vetoed Republican-passed bills, such as a bill extending the life of the Freedman’s Bureau, and he also vetoed the Civil Rights Bill, which conferred on blacks the privilege of American citizenship and struck at the Black Codes.

Key Questions 1876-1914: Gilded Age
5. How effective were early labor unions in combating widespread misery?
• Grant veto a bill that would print paper money and the Resumption Act of 1875 pledged the government to further withdraw greebacks and made all further redemption of paper money in gold at face value. Debtors now cried that silver was under-valued.
• The Populist Party emerged in 1892 from disgruntled farmers.
o Their main call was for inflation via free coinage of silver.
o They called for a litany of items including a graduated income tax, government regulation of railroads and telegraphs/telephones, direct elections of U.S senators, a one term limit, initiative and referendum, a shorter workday, and immigration restriction.
• About 8,00 American business houses collapsed in six months, and dozens of railroad lines went into the hands of receivers.

10. What effect did Western Expansion have on Native Americans?
• Native Americans had no other place to go, pushed farther west.
• American influence.
• A lot died from the Trail of Tears, or killed by disliking Americans.
• Cause rivalry and competition among other tribes because they have less land now.
• Americans changed the land so drastically that the native population could no longer subsist in the same way they had for generation.
• Lost in culture and tradition.
• The Ghost dance was a dance the Natives did as a way to pray to the Gods but Americans misinterpret it as a plan to rebel against the U.S and so many were killed for false accusations.
• Doubting the American trusts because they were promised land.
• Forced to live like third class citizens.

15. To what extent could Cubans, Filipinos, and Hawaiians find fault with America’s foreign policy?
• Finds America to be a imperialistic bully.
• Cubans may see America as an internationalist for helping them separate from Spain and the Teller Amendment proclaimed it would give Cubans their freedom and U.S would not conquer it.
• Filipinos find America untrustworthy, hoping for American’s help to secede from Spain too, the did not realize that Americans would take control under Filipinos finding them unfit to govern on their own.
• Hawaiians were persuaded by American born Hawaiians into annexing Hawaii into America. Queen Liliuokalni disagreed but was later dethroned.

Progressive Era
20. What were the key figures and the key issues involved in the movement for African-American and Women’s equality?
• Women were an indispensable catalyst in the progressive army. They couldn’t vote or hold political office, but were active none-the-less. Women focused their changes on family-oriented ills such as child labor.
• Progressives also made major improvements in the fight against child labor, especially after a 1911 fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company in NYC which killed 146 workers, mostly young women.
• The landmark case of Muller vs. Oregon (1908) found attorney Louis D. Brandeis persuading the Supreme Court to accept the constitutionality of laws that protected women workers.
• Alcohol also came under the attack of Progressives, as prohibitionist organizations like the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), founded by Frances E. Willard, and the Anti-Saloon League were formed.
• By 1920, Wilson persuades Congress in passing the 19th amendment allowing all sex to finally be vote.
• W.E.B Du Bois demands immediate equality for blacks, first African American to graduate from Harvard, wanted increase in political representation for blacks in order to guarantee civil rights.
• Booker T. Washington supported the black community and raised educational funds. Believed in cooperation with supportive whites was the only way to overcome racism.
• Marcus Garvey preaches black solidarity and black pride.

Foreign Policy
25. To what extend were Woodrow Wilson’s idealistic views accepted by Americans and the world?
• Wilson tackled the “triple wall of privilege: the tariff, the banks and the trusts. To tackle the tariff, Wilson successfully helped in the passing of the Underwood Tariff of 1913, which substantially reduced import fees and enacted a graduated income tax.
• Wilson pleaded congress for a sweeping reform of the banking system creating the new Federal Reserve board which oversaw a nationwide system of twelve regional reserve districts, each with its own central bank, and had the power to issue paper money.
• In 1914, Congress passed the Federal Trade Commission Act, which empowered a president-appointed position to investigate the activities of trusts and stop unfair trade practices such as unlawful competition, false advertising, mislabeling, adulteration, & bribery. The 1914 Clayton Anti-Trust Act lengthened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act’s list of practices that were objectionable, exempted labor unions from being called trusts (as they had been called by the Supreme Court under the Sherman Act), and legalized strikes and peaceful picketing by labor union members.
• The Workingmen’s Compensation Act of 1916 granted assistance of federal civil-service employees during periods of instability but was invalidated by the Supreme Court.
• The Fourteen Points were a set of idealistic goals for peace. The main points were:
o No more secret treaties.
o Freedom of the seas was to be maintained.
o A removal of economic barriers among nations.
o Reduction of armament burdens.
o Adjustment of colonial claims in the interests of natives and colonizers.
o Self-determination or independence for oppressed minority groups who’d choose their government.
o A League of Nations, an international organization that would keep the peace and settle world disputes.

JOANNA'S SET OF QUESTIONS #2 :)))

Joanna Yan
AP Study Questions

Review Questions – 1828-1876

4. What influence did the textile industry have on industry and society?
The textile mills proved a mixed blessing to the economically blighted South. They slowly wove an industrial thread into the fabric of southern life, but at a considerable human cost. Cheap labor was the South’s major attraction for potential investors, and keeping labor cheap became almost a religion among southern industrialists. (546)

9. What were the positives and negatives of Northern urban life? (Ch.25)
Positives:

• Electricity, indoor plumbing, and telephones all made life in the big city more alluring
• Industrial jobs; factory centers
• Department stores such as Macy’s in NY and Marshall Field’s in Chicago
• Provided urban working-class jobs, many of them for women

Negatives:

• Neighborhoods were segregated by race, ethnicity, and social class
• No trash barrels/garbage cans
• In the city, goods came in throwaway bottles, boxes, bags, and cans
• Apartment houses had no adjoining barnyards where residents might toss garbage to the hogs
• Cheap ready-to wear- clothing and swiftly changing fashions pushed old suits and dresses out of the closet and onto the trash heap
• Waste disposal, in short, was an issue new to the urban age
• Criminals
• Impure water, uncollected garbage, unwashed bodies
• Slums

14. What major events occurred during the Polk presidency?
-Mexican War
-Manifest Destiny
-Wilmot Proviso passes House of Representatives (1846)

19. What were the different proposed methods of Reconstruction? (Pg. 75 in notebook) (Ch. 22)

• Lincoln’s Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction:
  It decreed that a state could be reintegrated into the union where 10% of its voters in the presidential election of 1860 had taken oath of allegiance to the United States and pledged to abide by emancipation.
• Wade-Davis Bill:
  The bill required that 50% of a state’s voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation that Lincoln’s as the price of readmission to the union. Enacted specific safeguards of freedmen’s liberties. Iron-clad oath. President Lincoln didn’t’ like the plan.
• Johnson’s plan:
  It disfranchised certain leading confederates, including those with taxable property worth more than $200,000 though they might petition him for personal pardons. It called for special state conventions, which were required to repeal the ordinances of succession, repudiate all confederate debts, and ratify the slave-freeing thirteenth amendment.
• Congressional Reconstruction:
  A restored South would be stronger than ever in national politics. Before the war a Black slave had counted as 3/5 of a person in apportioning congressional representation. Now the slave was 5/5 of a person.

Key Questions 1876 – 1914
Glided Age

4. What were the negative effects of urbanization? Consider the boss system as well as life in the slums.
-Unsanitary
-Long hours
-Child labor
-Little pay
-Shared rooms (uncomfortable)
-Neighborhoods separated by social class

9. What were three positive and three negative effects of railroad expansion?
Positives:

• Created more jobs, for each mile the builders were also to receive a generous federal loan, ranging from $16,000 on the flat prairie land to $48,000 for mountainous country
• Transportation
• Connected U.S.

Negatives:

• Expensive
• Loss of lives
• Corruption – money from government not used appropriately – Credit Mobiler

American Imperialism

14. For what reasons did America pursue imperialistic policies in the last decade of the 19^th century? Why not before?
-October, 1989 – Treaty of Paris
a) Spain grants independence to Cuba
b) Cedes Puerto Rico, Guam, & Philippines to U.S. for $20 million
-Cuba left in chaos, McKinley sets up a military government there
a) Platt Amendment – Limits Cuba’s foreign interaction, establishes U.S. military occupation
b) McKinley decides Filipinos are “unfit” to self govern; U.S. crushes Philippine revolt
- U.S. “empire” stretches from Caribbean Sea to South China Sea
-Spanish American War opens the door to imperialism and internationalism as new U.S. foreign policies
- Roosevelt )McKinley assassinated) –“Open Door”
-William Howard Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”
-Woodrow Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”
-Lent money to other countries to trap and own them
-Roosevelt’s collarary allows U.S. to be world policeman

Progressive Era

19. What muckraking literature helped open America’s eyes to injustices? Were “muckrakers” humanitarians?(Pg. 658-659)
-Popular magazines: McClure’s, Cosmopolitan, Collier’s, and Everybody’s
-Waging fierce circulation wars, they dug deep for the dirt that the public loved to hate
-Roosevelt annoyed by their excess of zeal, he compared the mudsling magazine dirt-diggers to the figure in Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress who was so intent on raking manure that he could not see the celestial crown dangling overhead
-Despite presidential scolding, these muckrakers boomed circulation, and some of their most scandalous exposures were published as best-selling books
-Lincoln Steffens, launched a series of articles in McClure’s titled “The Shame of the Cities.”
-He fearlessly unmasked the corrupt alliance between big business and municipal government
-Muckrakers fearlessly titled their pen-lances at varied targets
-Some of the most effective fire of the muckrakers was directed at social evils
-Full of sound and fury, the muckrakers signified much about the nature of the progressive reform movement. They were long on lamentation and short on sweeping remedies. To right social wrongs, they counted on publicity and an aroused public conscience, not drastic political change. They sought not to overthrow capitalism but to cleanse it. The cure for the ills of American democracy, they earnestly believed, was more democracy

Foreign Policy

24. How did America become involved in World War I? Why did they enter on the side of the British? (Ch.30)
-Zimmermann note was intercepted and published on March 1, 1917, infuriating Americans, especially westerners
-German foreign secretary Arthur Zimmermann had secretly proposed a German-Mexican alliance, temping anti-Yankee Mexico with veiled promises of recovering Texas, New Mexico and Arizona
-March 16, 1917 – U-boats sink 3 American ships
-April 1, 1917 – Wilson goes before Congress to ask for war declaration
- Why did they enter on the side of the British?