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AP Study Questions Packet 2

Review Questions – 1828 - 1876

3. What inventions and innovations improved America’s manufacturing and industry?
• Eli Whitney’s cotton gin in 1791 made cotton profitable as it speeds up the process need to manufacture.
• Eli Whitney’s interchangeable parts made it possible to mass produce goods,
• A series of machines were perfected to mass produce textiles by British inventors and was adopted by US.
• Elias Howe’s sewing machine boosted industrialization.
• Samuel Morse’s telegraph pulled the business world closer.
• Many transportation inventions such as the Turnpike, Erie canal system, steamboats, and the railroads made it possible transport goods faster and more effectively thus improving industry
• Bessemer Process improved steel making.
(Pg 309-313)

8. In what ways were the North, South and the West economically different?
North:
• Had many factories, mass production of goods.
• Factories begun to increase in early 1800s due to embargo, non-intercourse and the War of 1812, and America had to produce own goods.
• Women worked in factories to support family
• Many transportation inventions helped improve economy in the north.
• Mostly factory production and industrial works.
South:
• Slaves supported economy in the south, worked on planations
• The cotton gin increased need for slaves; “Cotton is King”
• The South’s economy mostly consisted of the growing of cotton, tobacco, rice, corn, and wheat.
• The South also had many cattle ranches.
West:
• Economy based on farming and fields
• The inventions of steel plow, mechanical reaper, water plump, and barbed wires had helped increase economy in the West.
• Had many Irish and German immigrants in the West at this period of time.
• The west also had many mines of silvers, gold, coppers, iron ores and other minerals.
• The herding of cattle also supported economy of the west.
(pg 318)



13. During the abolitionist movement, who were the major participants and what were the strategies used?
• Frederick Douglass- African American and ex-slave who wrote about slavery in The Narrative of Life of Frederick Douglass and The North Start.
• Harriet Beecher Stowe – wrote about slavery in Uncle Tom’s Cabin.
• William Lloyd Garrison –published anti-slavery newspaper. He refused to eat cane sugar and wear cotton cloth.
• David Walker- wrote Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World in 1829.
• Sojourner Truth – fought for black emancipation and women’s rights.
• Harriet Tubman- Helped over 300 slavers to freedom in Canada through underground railroad.
• Angelina and Sarah Grimke – Southern Abolitionists.
(pg. 356-368)

18. What were the major events in the emancipation of slaves?
• Gabriel slave rebellion in Virginia 1800
• Congress outlaws slave trade 1808
• Missouri compromise 1820
• Vesey slave rebellion in Charleston 1822
• Walker published Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World 1829
• Nat Turner slave rebellion in Virginia 1831
• Garrison published The Liberator 1831
• Virginia legislature debates slavery and emancipation 1831 – 1832
• British abolished slavery in West Indies 1833
• American Anti-Slavery Society founded 1833
• US Post Office orders destruction of abolitionist mails 1835
• “Broadcloth Mob” attacks Garrison 1835
• House of Representatives passed “Gag Resolution” 1836
• Douglass publishes The Narrative of Life of Frederick Douglass 1845
• The organization of the Free Soil party 1848
• Final Emancipation Proclamation 1863
(pg369)
Key Questions 1876 – 1914: Gilded Age

3. How did Robber Barons/Captains of Industry justify their wealth?
Robber Baron or Captain of Industry are those who cheats or does whatever necessary to make money and get rich. They created trust, drove small companies out of business, exploited workers, cut quality, “bought off” government officials, create monopolies, and such. They justified their wealth with the “Gospel of Wealth,” saying that making money is not a sin, that God was the one that made them rich.
(pg 543)



8. How did W.E.B. Dubois and Booker T. Washington differ in how they believed African-Americans should attain equality?
W.E.B. Dubois:
• Believed in full political, civil, and social rights for Africa American.
• he said education should not merely be vocational but should nurture leaders willing to challenge segregation and discrimination through social protest and political action.
• Rejecting Washington’s gradualism and separatism, he demanded that the “talented tenth” of the black community be given full and immediate access to the mainstream of American life.
Booker T. Washington:
• Believed Blacks should concentrate on education and job training to improve their economic status.
• training to improve their economic status. He believed that economic success would earn the respect of Whites and equality for Blacks (working within the “White” system).
• Washington encouraged African Americans to go along with the idea of “separate but equal” facilities.
• Many Blacks did become economically successful by following Washington’s advice; however this failed to earn the respect of White Southern society.
(pg 574-575)

13. What types of people supported “free silver”? Why?
The Populist Party which was made up of farmers supported free silver. Unlimited silver would create rapid inflation that would help the farmers in debt accumulate desperately needed wealth. Farmers were in debt and suffering from the price drops in cotton and other crops.
(pg 622)
Progressive Era

18. Why was the Progressive Movement successful while the Populist Movement failed?
The Progressive Movement are reform movements that began in cities with settlement workers and reformers who were interested in helping those facing harsh conditions at home and at work. The reformers spoke out about the need for laws regulating tenement housing and child labor. They also called for better working conditions for women.
The Populist movement developed from farmers' alliances formed in the 1880s in reaction to falling crop prices and poor credit facilities. The leaders organized the Populist advocated a variety of measures to help farmers. They also demanded an increase in the circulating currency (to be achieved by the unlimited coinage of silver), a graduated income tax, government ownership of the railroads, a tariff for revenue only, and the direct election of U.S. senators.
The Populist effort was probably doomed from the start. They advanced a number of stellar ideas, but fell prey to the allure of free silver, an issue that resonated poorly with urban workers whose votes were badly needed. Discontented farmers, despite their enthusiasm, simply lacked the numbers to move the nation.
Foreign Policy

23. What anti-imperialistic complaints were lodged against the building of the Panama Canal?
• The building of the Panama Canal would lead to America taking control of Panama and lead to problems like in Cuba.
• Panamanians were ready to rebel and start revolt against this idea.
• The building of the Panama Canal causes bad relation with the Latin America countries.